Agricultural trailer, an important mechanized transportation method in rural China

Agricultural vehicles that transport materials by tractor traction. Also known as agricultural trailer, it is an important mechanized transportation method in rural China. Small wheeled or hand guided tractors pull small trailers for short distance or field transportation in rural areas, meeting the needs of small-scale agricultural operations. Transporting trailers on township, town, and rural roads by large and medium-sized wheeled tractors can fully utilize the role of tractors. The fuel consumption rate of tractor trailer transportation is lower or similar to that of automobile transportation on roads with poor road conditions, gravel roads, and dirt roads; On hard roads, it is higher than when transported by car.

Structure and performance characteristics

The bulk density and volume of agricultural trailer loads vary greatly, and there are many types of carriages suitable for materials with different characteristics. The bottom area and volume of the universal carriage are relatively large. Some carriages are divided into upper and lower levels, with the upper panel being detachable. The structural strength and vibration reduction performance of agricultural trailers are designed for driving speeds below 30 kilometers per hour. The stiffness of the steel plate spring used (the load value at which a unit deformation occurs) is greater than that of a typical car trailer, resulting in greater cabin vibration when the vehicle is empty or under light load. The service stress of the frame beam calculated based on static load is 25-50% higher than that of a car trailer. The tire types used in agricultural trailers mainly for short distance transportation are the same as those used in cars, and the maximum allowable load is about 15% higher than that of cars according to the standard. When the load capacity is large, parallel twin tires can be used. However, agricultural trailers mainly for field transportation should not be used to avoid mud getting stuck between the twin tires when going into the field, which increases resistance and makes steering difficult. Small diameter wide section low-pressure tires can be used to improve passability.

To ensure safe driving and maximize transportation efficiency, tractors and trailers should be reasonably matched: the traction device should be securely attached and not reduce the adhesion of the tractor drive wheels; The braking system type (mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic) is matched, and the braking performance meets the requirements of the transportation department; The signal lighting system (turn signal lights, brake lights, license plate lights, etc.) should be coordinated and consistent in front and behind; The hydraulic dump system can dump normally under rated load; The traction performance of the tractor and the weight of the trailer are adapted to the ground conditions it passes through.